DatabaseMarkets

Where do robotaxis actually operate?

Cities with a crash record on file, and cities where operators are hiring. Hiring moves months before a permit does, so the two together read as present and future.

Cities on the crash record
58
With three or more federal reports filed
Hiring without a crash record
26
Open roles and not one filed crash report — the leading edge
Tract filings on file
25,146
Distinct census tracts per carrier programme. A tract served under two programmes counts once in each, because they are separate regulatory regimes

Where robotaxis actually run

Shaded areas are the census tracts operators reported serving, dissolved into coverage. Markers are cities on the federal crash record, sized by report count.

Every market on this map

  • San Francisco, CA: 1286 crash reports, 27 open roles.
  • Los Angeles, CA: 379 crash reports, 7 open roles.
  • Austin, TX: 296 crash reports, 30 open roles.
  • Phoenix, AZ: 272 crash reports.
  • Tempe, AZ: 139 crash reports, 5 open roles.
  • Las Vegas, NV: 76 crash reports, 13 open roles.
  • Atlanta, GA: 76 crash reports, 4 open roles.
  • Scottsdale, AZ: 65 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Dallas, TX: 56 crash reports, 4 open roles.
  • Miami, FL: 38 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • Santa Monica, CA: 34 crash reports.
  • Houston, TX: 33 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Chandler, AZ: 27 crash reports.
  • Mesa, AZ: 21 crash reports.
  • Mountain View, CA: 18 crash reports, 347 open roles.
  • Culver City, CA: 17 crash reports.
  • Inglewood, CA: 16 crash reports.
  • Palo Alto, CA: 14 crash reports.
  • Beverly Hills, CA: 14 crash reports.
  • San Jose, CA: 13 crash reports, 10 open roles.
  • Washington, DC: 13 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • West Hollywood, CA: 13 crash reports.
  • Paradise, NV: 13 crash reports.
  • Orlando, FL: 13 crash reports.
  • Arlington, TX: 11 crash reports, 3 open roles.
  • Daly City, CA: 11 crash reports.
  • Santa Clara, CA: 9 crash reports, 8 open roles.
  • South San Francisco, CA: 9 crash reports.
  • Ann Arbor, MI: 8 crash reports, 22 open roles.
  • Huntsville, TX: 6 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Sunnyvale, CA: 6 crash reports.
  • Ennis, TX: 6 crash reports.
  • Jacksonville, FL: 6 crash reports.
  • Miami Beach, FL: 6 crash reports.
  • Nashville, TN: 6 crash reports.
  • Spring Valley, NV: 6 crash reports.
  • Fremont, CA: 5 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • Redwood City, CA: 5 crash reports.
  • Paradise Valley, AZ: 5 crash reports.
  • Peachtree Corners, GA: 5 crash reports.
  • Grand Rapids, MN: 4 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • San Bruno, CA: 4 crash reports.
  • Indianapolis, IN: 4 crash reports.
  • Sun City, AZ: 4 crash reports.
  • San Mateo, CA: 4 crash reports.
  • Streetman, TX: 4 crash reports.
  • Golden, CO: 4 crash reports.
  • Centerville, TX: 4 crash reports.
  • Spring, TX: 4 crash reports.
  • San Antonio, TX: 4 crash reports.
  • Sacaton, AZ: 4 crash reports.
  • Pittsburgh, PA: 3 crash reports, 13 open roles.
  • Waxahachie, TX: 3 crash reports.
  • Rochester, MN: 3 crash reports.
  • Marina del Rey, CA: 3 crash reports.
  • Palmer, TX: 3 crash reports.
  • Buffalo, TX: 3 crash reports.
  • Brisbane, CA: 3 crash reports.
  • Philadelphia, PA: 2 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Tucson, AZ: 2 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Foster City, CA: 1 crash report, 206 open roles.
  • Eden Prairie, MN: 1 crash report, 1 open role.
  • Boston, MA: 0 crash reports, 30 open roles.
  • Hayward, CA: 0 crash reports, 13 open roles.
  • San Diego, CA: 0 crash reports, 9 open roles.
  • Knoxville, TN: 0 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • Davie, FL: 0 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • Greenville, NC: 0 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • Towson, MD: 0 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • Wilmington, NC: 0 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • New York, NY: 0 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • San Luis Obispo, CA: 0 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • Bowling Green, OH: 0 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • Novi, MI: 0 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • Winston-Salem, NC: 0 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • Lexington, KY: 0 crash reports, 2 open roles.
  • Harrisonburg, VA: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Waco, TX: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Kirkland, WA: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • West Lafayette, IN: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Fairfax, VA: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Charlotte, NC: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Jersey City, NJ: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Fort Myers, FL: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • University, MS: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Fairfield, CT: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Oxford, MS: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.
  • Lakeland, FL: 0 crash reports, 1 open role.

Every city on the board

Cities with three or more filed crash reports, plus cities where somebody is hiring. This tracks where the miles are, not where the risk is: a city leads because more robotaxis drive there.

San FranciscoCA1,28627
Los AngelesCA3797
AustinTX29630
PhoenixAZ272
TempeAZ1395
Las VegasNV7613
AtlantaGA764
ScottsdaleAZ651
DallasTX564
MiamiFL382
Santa MonicaCA34
HoustonTX331
ChandlerAZ27
MesaAZ21
Mountain ViewCA18347
Culver CityCA17
InglewoodCA16
Palo AltoCA14
Beverly HillsCA14
San JoseCA1310
WashingtonDC132
West HollywoodCA13
ParadiseNV13
OrlandoFL13
ArlingtonTX113
Daly CityCA11
Santa ClaraCA98
South San FranciscoCA9
Ann ArborMI822
HuntsvilleTX61
SunnyvaleCA6
EnnisTX6
JacksonvilleFL6
Miami BeachFL6
NashvilleTN6
Spring ValleyNV6
FremontCA52
Redwood CityCA5
Paradise ValleyAZ5
Peachtree CornersGA5
Grand RapidsMN41
San BrunoCA4
IndianapolisIN4
Sun CityAZ4
San MateoCA4
StreetmanTX4
GoldenCO4
CentervilleTX4
SpringTX4
San AntonioTX4
SacatonAZ4
PittsburghPA313
WaxahachieTX3
RochesterMN3
Marina del ReyCA3
PalmerTX3
BuffaloTX3
BrisbaneCA3
PhiladelphiaPA21
TucsonAZ21
Foster CityCA1206
Eden PrairieMN11
BostonMA030
HaywardCA013
San DiegoCA09
KnoxvilleTN02
DavieFL02
GreenvilleNC02
TowsonMD02
WilmingtonNC02
New YorkNY02
San Luis ObispoCA02
Bowling GreenOH02
NoviMI02
Winston-SalemNC02
LexingtonKY02
HarrisonburgVA01
WacoTX01
KirklandWA01
West LafayetteIN01
FairfaxVA01
CharlotteNC01
Jersey CityNJ01
Fort MyersFL01
UniversityMS01
FairfieldCT01
OxfordMS01
LakelandFL01
No rows match this filter.

Service footprint on file

California carriers file the census tracts they operated in. What survives is the footprint — which tracts appear at all — not the volume in each.

Waymopilot/driverless12,596
Waymopilot/drivered6,2986,298
Waymodeployment/driverless3,9342,702
Waymounspecified/driverless1,3511,351
Waymodeployment/unspecified495495
Cruisedeployment/unspecified472472
No rows match this filter.
Every tract a carrier filed is counted once per programme, whether or not the trips inside it were published.
The redaction pattern behind the footprint table

Filing the tract is compulsory. Filing the trips inside it, in practice, is not. Across every programme on this table 11,318 of 25,146 tracts carry a trip count, or 45%. The rest are a shape without a magnitude: we can say a service reached that tract, but not how heavily it was used there.

The unit of that decision is the programme, not the company. One carrier can publish every count under one permit and none under another, which is why it appears on more than one line below.

Published in full. Waymo pilot drivered, Waymo unspecified driverless, Waymo deployment unspecified, Cruise deployment unspecified. Every tract filed carries a trip count, so these are the only complete geography in the public record.

Published in part. Waymo deployment driverless. Redaction here is not all-or-nothing: the counts are given for some tracts and withheld for others, which makes the withholding a decision taken tract by tract rather than a policy set once.

Withheld entirely. Waymo pilot driverless. The tracts are filed and not one trip count with them.

Hiring ahead of operations

Cities with open field roles but little filed activity. This is the earliest public signal of a market entry — it moves before a permit, and well before a press release.

Boston · 30 rolesHayward · 13 rolesSan Diego · 9 rolesKnoxville · 2 rolesDavie · 2 rolesGreenville · 2 rolesTowson · 2 rolesWilmington · 2 rolesNew York · 2 rolesSan Luis Obispo · 2 rolesBowling Green · 2 rolesNovi · 2 rolesWinston-Salem · 2 rolesLexington · 2 rolesHarrisonburg · 1 rolesWaco · 1 rolesKirkland · 1 rolesWest Lafayette · 1 rolesFairfax · 1 rolesCharlotte · 1 rolesJersey City · 1 rolesFort Myers · 1 rolesUniversity · 1 rolesFairfield · 1 rolesOxford · 1 rolesLakeland · 1 roles